Preocupación por la apariencia física en usuarios de empresas multideportivas de México / Concern about physical appearance in users of multi-sports complexes in México / Preocupação com a aparência fisica em utentes de empresas multidesportivas do México

Las escalas de Ansiedad Físico-Social (SPAS-7 y de Dismorfia Muscular (Complejo de Adonis) son herramientas sensibles para evaluar la preocupación por la apariencia física. El objetivo es analizar la asociación entre la dismorfia muscular y la ansiedad físico-social e identificar las diferencias por sexo en usuarios de empresas de servicios deportivos integrados del noroeste de México. Mediante un muestreo aleatorio simple se eligieron 429 (231 hombres y 198 mujeres). A todos ellos se les aplicaron los cuestionarios SPAS-7 y Complejo Adonis en el centro deportivo correspondiente. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas que muestran que las mujeres registran mayores niveles de ansiedad que los hombres (Media = 12.5 ± 5 DS y Media = 14.5 ± 6 DS; p < .000); no obstante, las mujeres obesas presentan mayores puntuaciones con respecto al resto (Media = 18.8 ± DS; p < .000). También se comprobó a través de un modelo de regresión que los años de práctica física, la frecuencia a la semana y la duración de la sesión de entrenamiento predicen la ansiedad físico-social y el Complejo Adonis. Además se evidenció que existe una asociación significativa entre los niveles de dismorfia muscular y de ansiedad

Social Physique Anxiety (SPAS -7) and muscle dysmorphia (Adonis Complex) scales are sensitive tools to assess concern about physical appearance. The aim of this work is to analyse the association between muscle dysmorphia and social physique anxiety and identify the differences by gender in users of integrated sports complexes in north-west Mexico. Using simple random sampling, 429 (231 men and 198 women) were selected. SPAS-7 and Adonis Complex questionnaires were given in the relevant sports centre. Significant differences were4 found which showed that women reported higher levels of anxiety than men (M = 12.5 ± 5 SD and M = 14.5 ± 6 SD, p = .000); however, obese women reported much higher levels in relation to the others (M = 18.8 ± SD p < .000). It was also proved, using a regression model, that the number of years doing sports, the number of times a week and the duration of the training session predict social physique anxiety and the Adonis Complex. In addition, a significant association between muscle dysmorphia and anxiety levels was confirmed

As escalas de Ansiedade Físico-social(SPAS-7 e Dismorfia Muscular (Complexo de Adonis) são ferramentas sensíveis para avaliar apreocupação com a aparência física. O objectivo é analisar a associação entre a dismorfia muscular e a ansiedade físico-social e identificar as diferençaspor sexo em utentes de empresas de serviços desportivos integrados do noroeste do México. A amostra aleatória simples foi composta por 429 participantes (231 homens e 198 mulheres). A todos eles se aplicaram os questionários SPAS-7 eComplexo Adonisno centro desportivo correspondente. Verificaram-se diferenças estatisticamente significativas que mostram que as mulheres registaram maiores níveis de ansiedade que os homens (Média= 12.5 ± 5 dpe Média= 14.5 ± 6 dp; p < .000); não obstante, as mulheres obesas apresentam maiores pontuações nos restantes indicadores (Media= 18.8 ± 8 dp; p < .000). Também se comprovou através de um modelo de regressão que os anos de prática física, a frequência semanal e a duração da sessão de treinopredizem a ansiedade físico-social e o Complexo de Adonis. Adicionalmente, evidenciou-se que existe uma associação significativa entre os níveis dedismorfia muscular e de ansiedade

[Psychosocial factors associated with domestic water consumption in a semidesert region]. / Factores psicosociales relacionados con el consumo doméstico de agua en una región semidesértica.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze psychosocial factors related with domestic water consumption in Hermosillo, Sonora, a semidesert region in northwestern Mexico. An intentionally selected sample of 198 people (79 men and 119 women) from a higher education institution was used to evaluate the theories of rational action and self-efficacy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A scale with the psychosocial factors to be analyzed and Likert-type items was applied. RESULTS: The age mean was 35 years old. A positive moderate association was found between the diverse factors, particularly between intention-norm, beliefs-intention, beliefs-self-efficacy, attitude-intention, attitude-self-efficacy, and self-efficacy-intention. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the fact that the sample characteristics do not allow results to be generalized, the study shows the usefulness of the psychosocial factors that were analyzed and suggests the possibility of including them in educational programs that promote careful water use at home.

Factores psicosociales relacionados con el consumo doméstico de agua en una región semidesértica / Psychosocial factors associated with domestic water consumption in a semidesert region

OBJETIVO: Analizar los factores psicosociales que intervienen en el consumo doméstico del agua en Hermosillo, Sonora, región del noroeste de México caracterizada por ser semidesértica. Para ello se trabajó con una muestra seleccionada de forma intencional de 198 personas (79 hombres y 119 mujeres) de una institución de educación superior, con base en las teorías de la acción razonada y la autoeficacia. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se aplicó una escala que incluyó los factores psicosociales analizados, con opciones tipo Likert. RESULTADOS: La media de edad fue de 35 años. La relación entre los factores fue positiva y moderada, en particular entre intención-norma, creencias-intención, creencias-autoeficacia, actitud-intención, actitud-autoeficacia y autoeficacia-intención. CONCLUSIÓN: Si bien las características de la muestra no permiten generalizar resultados, el estudio muestra la utilidad de los factores psicosociales analizados y sugiere la posibilidad de incorporarlos en programas educativos para el cuidado del agua en el hogar.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze psychosocial factors related with domestic water consumption in Hermosillo, Sonora, a semidesert region in northwestern Mexico. An intentionally selected sample of 198 people (79 men and 119 women) from a higher education institution was used to evaluate the theories of rational action and self-efficacy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A scale with the psychosocial factors to be analyzed and Likert-type items was applied. RESULTS: The age mean was 35 years old. A positive moderate association was found between the diverse factors, particularly between intention-norm, beliefs-intention, beliefs-self-efficacy, attitude-intention, attitude-self-efficacy, and self-efficacy-intention. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the fact that the sample characteristics do not allow results to be generalized, the study shows the usefulness of the psychosocial factors that were analyzed and suggests the possibility of including them in educational programs that promote careful water use at home.